Message:22151 In: NTS.ARRL
From: CX2SADate: Sun, 10 May 26 12:26:00 Z
Newsgroups: NTS.ARRL
Subject: May 2026 NTS Letter
Message-ID:
Path: N2MH4|N3HYM|W0ARP|CX2SA
R:260510/1808Z 31065@N2MH4.#SENC.NC.USA.NOAM LinBPQ6.0.24
R:260510/1231Z 4291@N3HYM.#FRDK.MD.USA.NOAM BPQ6.0.25
R:260510/1229Z 38989@W0ARP.#NCO.CO.USA.NOAM LinBPQ6.0.25
R:260510/1226Z @:CX2SA.SAL.URY.SOAM #:64902 [Salto] FBB7.00e $:NTS052026
From: CX2SA@CX2SA.SAL.URY.SOAM
To : NTS@ARRL
===================
May 2026 NTS Letter
===================
Editor: Marcia Forde, KW1U - May 5, 2026
- Digital Presentation at Dayton Hamvention May 17
- Traffic Performance Test Set for May 11
- NTS Treasure Hunt Update
- Introducing the QTC App
- Amateur Radio in an Academic Environment
- National Traffic System Update
- NTS Table at Raleigh Amateur Radio Society (RARS) Hamfest
- Section Traffic Managers to Meet in June
- NTS Letter Archive
- Certified Precedence Explanation on NTS2 Website
- Spotlight: Michelle Roeten, KM2I
Digital Presentation at Dayton Hamvention May 17
-------------------------------------------------
The National Traffic System Digital Committee (not to be confused with the
Digital Traffic Network, DTN) has been experimenting with proposals to
support nationwide "Black Swan" emergency events (in which there is a total
outage of communications/electrical power) using amateur radio digital
communications.
If you will be attending Hamvention in Xenia, Ohio, and would like to hear
more about the efforts of this team, see the following announcement from
National Traffic System Digital Committee chair Don Rolph, AB1PH:
In a session at Hamvention: Sunday May 17, 11:40 AM, Room 4, we will hold a
forum on:
understanding the need for such capabilities
discuss the nature of communications required
committee explorations of options
exercise test data to date
proposal for a Sept 2026 country-wide exercise
We hope you will join us for the discussion! 73, Don Rolph, AB1PH
Traffic Performance Test Set for May 11
---------------------------------------
Greetings NTS traffic handlers!
The NTS 2.0 Performance and Standards Committee is gearing up to begin a new
round of NTS traffic performance testing this month. We are planning to
introduce the latest set of test radiograms into the NTS system on Monday,
May 11. In the past, our messages were sent by and addressed to stations in
New York, Ohio, Michigan, and Washington. This time, we're adding Florida to
the list.
As a reminder:
The traffic test radiograms contain a handling instruction of "HXT" followed
by the Test Set ID. This time around the Test Set ID will be 12, so the
handling instruction will contain "HXT12".
The text of the message will direct you to a web address containing a link
to the Traffic Test Reporting Page. All stations handling the radiogram at
any point along its journey (not just the initial and final stations) are
requested to please go to the page specified in the radiogram text and enter
the prompted information. Everyone's input into the reporting tool is
important to ensure that we have complete and usable data for reporting and
analysis.
Traffic Test Reporting tool developer Jonathan Taylor, K1RFD, has been
working on improvements to increase its usability. Most folks seem to have
been able to use the tool successfully, but a few have experienced
difficulties. This time around, the radiogram will include an op note
containing an email address that you can use to report any issues.
To all those traffic handlers who handle one (or more) of these radiograms
and utilize the reporting tool, thank you very much for your participation!
We appreciate it! -- Michelle Roeten, KM2I, on behalf of the NTS 2.0
Performance and Standards Committee
NTS Treasure Hunt Update
------------------------
Hello, NTS Treasure Hunters!
The second NTS Treasure Hunt for 2026 is complete!
Eleven stations completed all five rounds in the January 2026 Treasure Hunt.
K5ANP Alan Prager
KA9IKK Bill Novak
KC1TLF Dave Marcucci
KE8HKA Matthew Foltz
KFPZP Juanita Moore
KN1OBI Corwyn Miyagishima
N1CVO Shawn Dodds
N3KRX Jerry Palmer
W1LEM Lem Skidmore
W1OTW Doggone Dave Marsh
W4EDN Bill Heybruck
Mug Award Winner for March/April 2026 is Lem Skidmore, W1LEM
The mug is awarded following a random drawing from all hunters who complete
the hunt.
March/April Questions
THR1
WHAT NEW CONTEST WAS
ACOUNCED IN THE JAN 1938
QST QUERY REPLY TO DAN
AC8NP TIFFIN OH 44883
Answer: ARRL QSO Party
Reference: www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-DX/QST/30s/QST-1938-01.pdf
THR2
WHEN RELAYING A RADIOGRAM WHAT
TWO PARTS ARE SPECIFICALLY PROTECTED
AGAINST ALTERATION QUERY ANSWER TO
BOB WB2JNQ BROOKLYN NY 11234
Answer: Text and check
Reference: www.arrl.org/files/file/MPG1V14A.pdf
Section 1.1.5 specifically addresses this and states in bold: "The text or
check is not altered to force agreement!"
THR3
WHERE IS THE TEST SET
ID LOCATED IN A SPECIAL
TRAFFIC TEST RADIOGRAM QUERY REPLY
TO MICHELLE KM2I POUGHKEEPSIE NY
12603
Answer: In the handling instruction (or HX section) of the preamble
Reference: nts2.arrl.org/hx-handling-instructions
THR4
WHICH RADIOGRAM PRECEDENCE CANNOT USE
HXR QUERY ANSWER TO JON
N1ILZ EASTHAM MA 02642
Answer: ROUTINE
Reference: nts2.arrl.org/hx-handling-instructions
THR5
WHAT YEAR WAS THE FIRST
DXPEDITION QUERY ANSWER TO RAY
KB8GUN LAURELVILLE OH 43135
A: Bob Dennison, WDX, led the first DXpedition to the Bahamas operating as
VP7NG in 1948
Reference: www.dailydx.com/dxhistory
May/June 2026 NTS Treasure Hunt
This hunt will have 4 or 5 rounds this time. Can you get through all the
rounds by June 26?
For those of you who have trouble finding a net into the NTS, you are free
to use the Radiogram Portal or Winlink RRI Radiogram (not Winlink email). In
the message templates, you will find the RRI Radiogram under "Select
Template" --> "Standard Forms" --> "Radiogram & RII Forms" -->
"Radiogram.txt". It will open in your web browser. Follow the instructions
and be sure to select a liaison so your message will then be sent to a
liaison station for input to the Digital Traffic Network side of NTS and
work its way through the system. Do not send directly to the judges. Feel
free to send it via radio or telnet at this point.
So here is the first-round question:
NR1 R HXG KB8GUN 19 TIFFIN OH MAR 3
NTS TREASURE HUNTERS
BT
THR1 WHAT WAS THE INITIAL
NAME OF THE DAYTON HAMVENTION
QUERY REPLY TO RAY KB8GUN
LAURELVILLE OH 43135
BT
RAY KB8GUN
Please remember to start your message with the THR1-5 answer, which means
Treasure Hunt Round Number.
The judges will generally respond with a radiogram back to you within 24
hours of receipt of your message, although at times they may miss a day here
and there due to family obligations or illness, and sometimes we sneak off
on vacation. Our judges are on traffic nets almost daily. The in-transit
time will vary. So, if it has been 5 or 6 days and you do not receive a
reply radiogram, try sending an email message to the judge.
Try to learn about the NTS in your section. Who is your Section Traffic
Manager (STM)? The STM can answer your questions on how to move traffic in
and out of your section.
The NTS Treasure Hunt is a fun, on-air, multi-step competition in which you
will respond to a "judge" with your answer to an initial clue or question
via radiogram. The judge will reply via radiogram with the identity of the
next judge, along with the next question or clue in the hunt.
If you have any comments or suggestions, please email Dan Rinaman, AC8NP, at
ac8np@xxxxx.xxx.
Introducing the QTC App
-----------------------
In the long history of the National Traffic System, traffic handlers have
come up with all sorts of clever methods of managing the messages they
receive, send, and deliver. Five-by-seven-inch note cards, long rolls of
Teletype paper, and ARRL message blanks were once popular; more recently,
it's been Windows Notepad documents, spreadsheets, or even a sophisticated
purpose-built program such as Lane Kendall's "Ready to Copy."
Web browsers have become powerful application platforms recently, and
they've emerged as the basis for many popular apps. One advantage of these
types of apps is that they can run almost anywhere, and don't need to be
installed. With that in mind, the NTS2 team has built the Radiogram Portal
and the Radiogram Postcard apps on the browser platform, and now there's a
browser-based message management application available, called QTC.
For traffic handlers, QTC offers the basic functions of filing away
radiograms that you send, receive, or deliver, so that you can see a summary
list of them and quickly locate a specific message that you've handled in
the past. It also calculates and presents monthly reports on your
traffic-handling activity. It links directly to the Postcard app so that you
can quickly send a postal mail confirmation copy of any radiogram that you
deliver. The app also has convenience features for looking up mailing
addresses and generating message numbers and timestamps.
QTC is a free-of-charge app that runs on any modern web browser, on desktop
operating systems such as Windows, MacOS, and Linux. Once you've loaded the
app once, you can still use most of its functions when you're offline, such
as during an internet service outage; the app keeps a local database of your
messages and syncs them automatically with the cloud. This also means you
can log in to QTC from any web browser anywhere in the world and have full
access to all of your data.
To get started, visit nts2.arrl.org/qtc. If you're not already logged in to
NTS2.0, you'll be prompted for your login name and password. If you've never
logged in to the NTS2.0 website, you'll have the opportunity to register
(and choose a password). Your call sign will be used as your login name.
To get a sense of what QTC can do, and how to use it, take a moment to read
the Help page at nts2.arrl.org/qtc-help. For help and support - as well as
bug reports and feature requests - there's now a dedicated discussion group;
visit groups.io/g/qtc-users. -- Jonathan Taylor, K1RFD
Amateur Radio in an Academic Environment
----------------------------------------
Today's radio amateur averages 65 years of age or older. Meanwhile, ham
radio is increasingly invisible amid the noise of a popular culture lost in
the din of social media and incessant, almost juvenile, entertainment.
Overcoming these modern obstacles to generate interest in the Amateur Radio
Service often seems a herculean task.
If amateur radio is going to outlive those of us who are now in our 60s and
70s, it will require a concerted effort to introduce young people to the art
and science of radio communications. Much of this effort will need to take
place at the local level.
Career Technical Education
Beginning in 2024, our school system began looking into establishing a
Career Technical Education (CTE) electrical course for high school juniors
and seniors. Input from an industrial advisory committee showed strong
agreement that the prior decades of emphasis on software skills and IT had
left a serious knowledge void in areas such as power distribution,
electrical systems, industrial controls and RF technology. Simply put, many
new employees entering industry lacked the fundamental knowledge and
analytical skills needed to succeed in an increasingly technological world.
For the average American, infrastructure itself is dismissed as somehow
magical. One turns up the thermostat and the furnace comes on. One flips a
switch and the light comes on. The cellular mobile phone seems to work as if
by magic. Little or no thought is given to the massive infrastructure behind
it all and the army of engineers and technicians who maintain the foundation
of these incredibly reliable systems.
The CTE electrical program is designed to introduce students to the
fundamentals of electricity and electronics. Students receive a thorough
introduction to basic DC theory and circuit analysis, which then transitions
into AC theory with its emphasis on inductive and capacitive reactance,
power factor, RF systems and the like. These theoretical concepts are
periodically reinforced through practical, hands-on activities. For example,
students might assemble a basic power supply. They might use a Z-meter
(bridge) to determine the values of an inductor and capacitor in a parallel
L-C circuit, perform the calculations needed to predict resonant frequency,
and then verify the resonant frequency using a grid dip oscillator. In doing
so, they begin to understand the behavior of voltage and current in reactive
circuits. From basic electrical power distribution and wiring practices to
the design of relay-based and PLC control systems, to RF systems, students
begin to understand the basic theory that is the foundation of the
infrastructure systems they use every day; skills that position them well
for success in continuing education or an entry-level position in industry.
Amateur radio plays an important role in this process. The FCC exams serve
as a basic certification en route to higher-level professional
certifications or credit received for advanced education. Through amateur
radio, they are introduced to the RF spectrum, principles of antenna
systems, RF propagation, modulation techniques, and so on.
CTE vs. STEM
Various amateur radio organizations seek access to students via STEM
(Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) activities or through a "radio
club" concept. While such efforts are to be commended, the integration of
amateur radio into an academic program offers advantages because students
can see the connection between the art and science of radio communications
and the knowledge base associated with career success. Likewise, parents can
more readily understand that amateur radio can enhance their child's
academic success while contributing to future career opportunities. Within
this context, ham radio is not a hobby, but an exploratory activity that
enhances education.
The first year of this new CTE program has required significant investment
in the development of a curriculum, the creation of educational materials,
the development of a suitable classroom (provided by the local college), and
the assembly of suitable lab equipment.
Of the many hands-on activities for this year's class, one of the projects
involved assembling and programming hardened digipeater systems for shipment
to Puerto Rico. These systems are a gift to the people of Puerto Rico, which
will be used by ARES (Amateur Radio Emergency Service) and Radio Relay
International volunteers to enhance emergency communications capabilities on
the island in advance of this year's hurricane season.
For the 2026-2027 school year, we hope to add a permanent amateur radio
station through which the basics of RF systems and communications techniques
can be illustrated (as funding permits). This amateur radio station will
serve primarily as an educational tool, but in the process, students will
also be exposed to the social and public service side of ham radio.
In a sense, the incorporation of amateur radio into an academic program is a
"back-to-the-future" activity. The laws of physics never change. The
fundamentals of electrical and electronic systems never change. By using RF
systems and amateur radio as one of several tools to enhance understanding,
one builds a solid foundation upon which students can further their
education in engineering and technology while positioning themselves for a
valuable career. See the links below for additional information. -- James
Wades, WB8SIW
www.canva.com/design/DAHE3_-x7l0/_WEu-vtBfWSK7c2WjCtigg/view?utm_content=DAHE3
_-x7l0&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=embeds&utm_source=link
www.canva.com/design/DAG4rmaJJPw/jcDejZ3RJR8_tr2Ejo1Znw/view?utm_content=DAG4r
maJJPw&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=embeds&utm_source=link
www.buchananschools.com/press-release-cte-students-charge-ahead-with-fcc-amate
ur-radio-licenses/
National Traffic System Update
------------------------------
The ARRL National Traffic System (NTS) is an important network of amateur
radio operators who move information during disasters and other emergencies.
General messages offering well wishes also move through the NTS to help
test the system and to help amateur radio operators build traffic handling
skills. While the NTS is primarily set up to serve the United States and
Canada, it is possible to move traffic internationally through the NTS via
various local, regional, area, and international network connections.
Modernization of NTS (The NTS 2.0 Project)
The current National Traffic System (NTS) is comprised of dedicated
operators well trained and practiced in the art of traffic handling. They
participate in nets at the local, Section, region, and area levels 365 days
per year.
Yet we cannot ignore reality: the proliferation of low-cost/free telephone
calls, text messaging, and the World Wide Web means today's general public
has many alternatives to traditional radiograms. As a result, much of
today's NTS traffic consists solely of amateur-to-amateur messages: "welcome
to amateur radio," "license expiration," etc. In addition, there are serious
questions as to the accuracy and reliability of our networks. Finally, it
should be noted that some public agencies have never heard of NTS or have
begun creating their own backup messaging systems.
Historically, NTS and ARES were two branches of the old ARPSC, the Amateur
Radio Public Service Corps. While the ARPSC is gone, the two branches remain
tied together and serve in a symbiotic way. For more information regarding
the modernization of NTS, visit The NTS 2.0 Project web page. -- Rick Palm,
K1CE, Editor, The ARES Letter
[The above article, reprinted from the March 2026 edition of The ARES Letter
points out the reality, as we are aware, that "the proliferation of
low-cost/free telephone calls, text messaging, and the worldwide web means
today's general public has many alternatives to traditional radiograms" and
that "some public agencies have never heard of NTS." If we who participate
in this amateur radio messaging service expect ever to be taken seriously,
we have a lot of work to do, especially since, as the article points out,
there are serious questions as to the accuracy and reliability of our
networks.
This should be a wake-up call. True, more than 99% of our traffic is routine
with a delivery standard of up to 5 days. Even then, however, many
radiograms are not only undelivered but seem to go into a black hole with no
clues as to their whereabouts. One might remind us that there are
less-populated regions with fewer amateur operators. I suspect, however,
that this only accounts for a small number of undelivered messages.
Do we want to have pride in our service? Do we want a reputation that says
amateur radio operators reliably get the job done? I believe most traffic
handlers would say "yes." The NTS Subcommittee of the ARRL Emergency
Communications and Field Services Committee is trying to find where problems
exist so that we might look for solutions. For this reason, I hope that
anyone handling a radiogram with an HXT ## handling instruction will help us
by following the instructions in these radiograms, going to the noted
website and recording the information requested. With many thanks on behalf
of the NTS Subcommittee. -- Marcia Forde, KW1U]
NTS Table at Raleigh Amateur Radio Society (RARS) Hamfest
---------------------------------------------------------
The Raleigh (NC) Amateur Radio Society (RARS) held a hamfest in Raleigh on
April 4, 2026, where a table was set up to disseminate information about the
National Traffic System. North Carolina Section Traffic Manager Dave Roy,
W4DNA, provided a photo of the traffic handlers present. Many traffic
handlers will recognize their call signs, especially some of those who are
active on region and area nets.
Providing an NTS table at such gatherings lets others know we are still
active. If you are involved in such an activity, let us know, with pictures
if possible.
In front of the NTS booth at the RARSFest held April 4, 2026 at the North
Carolina State Fairgrounds in Raleigh, NC. [Photo courtesy of North Carolina
Section Traffic Manager Dave Roy, W4DNA]
Section Traffic Managers to Meet in June
----------------------------------------
Planning is in the works for a second Section Traffic Managers meeting to be
held in June. The date has not yet been set, but a notice will be
forthcoming to all STMs and Section Managers. One of the topics for
discussion will be performance testing, which as noted above in this
newsletter, is being conducted by the NTS 2.0 Performance and Standards
Committee. Some other potential topics could include reporting, third-party
messaging, and others. It is also an opportunity to see in one place your
counterparts in other parts of the country. Think about topics you would
like to hear discussed and send your thoughts to Marcia, KW1U (kw1u@xxxx.xxxx.
NTS Letter Archive
------------------
Last month we announced that The NTS Letter archive was now up to date on
the ARRL website at www.arrl.org/nts-letter. All issues to date can be found
there in their entirety. While the ARRL website does not list topics
covered, you can still find a listing for each issue on the NTS2 website at
nts2.arrl.org/ntsletter.
Certified Precedence Explanation on NTS2
----------------------------------------
In the November 2025 issue of The NTS Letter, we reported on the new
certified precedence for radiograms with a link to the Radio Relay
International website. This information is now also available on the NTS2
website under Training and Documentation at
nts2.arrl.org/introducing-the-certified-precedence.
Spotlight - Michelle Roeten, KM2I
---------------------------------
I got a late start in amateur radio, not getting licensed until two years
ago when I was 59 years old. Although I'd been exposed to it somewhat in the
past, it had never really piqued my interest. My son (Daniel, KD2IQO)
obtained his General license in 2015. Although I thought it was a great
activity for him to be involved in, the idea of getting licensed myself
never crossed my mind. All of that changed when I ended up with his radio
equipment after he became a Silent Key in 2020. It was a fairly simple setup
- an Icom IC-2730 with a mag-mount antenna along with a Baofeng handheld
radio given to him and programmed by one of his friends in the fire
department where he volunteered for a few years. Initially, I planned to
sell or donate his equipment. However, at some point I read that ham radio
could be very useful during an emergency. That's when the thought occurred
to me that maybe I should consider getting licensed myself. I kept the
equipment.
In spring 2024, our local newspaper contained an article advertising a free
Technician-level ham radio licensing course. You needed to purchase and
study the licensing manual ahead of time, then take the course, which lasted
all weekend beginning Friday night and culminating in an exam session on
Sunday afternoon. It seemed like the perfect chance, so I signed up and
ended up with a Technician-class license. I have since passed the General
and Amateur Extra exams.
During the Technician course, one of our instructors told us about Hudson
Valley Net, which meets every evening on a local VHF repeater. Not quite
knowing what else to do with my new license, I decided to check it out. I
was hooked from the very beginning. As I listened to traffic being passed, I
was intrigued by the use of the phonetics and various pro-words and the
structure of it all. I wrote down everything I heard on the net - call signs
of those checking in, the traffic being passed, and as much as I could of
the various phrases used by the Net Control Station to run the net. Since
that first time, I have checked into HVN almost every night. Within a few
weeks, I was starting to step up as Alternate Net Control and had both
delivered and composed/sent my first pieces of traffic. The following year,
I became Net Control Station on Saturday night for two different NTS nets -
Hudson Valley Net and Southern District Net (both in New York State).
I am still active in NTS traffic handling on the local nets, but my
involvement has extended beyond that. After being a participant in a few
rounds of the NTS 2.0 Treasure Hunt, I became one of the judges last July. I
am also a "Radiogrammer," picking up some of the radiograms entered into the
NTS 2.0 Radiogram Portal and sending them on one of my local nets. I am one
of the originating stations for the NTS 2.0 Traffic Performance Testing and
participate in meetings of the NTS Performance and Standards Committee.
Together with NTS, my main ham radio interest is emergency communications. I
am a member of ARES/RACES in both my own and a neighboring county. I have
participated in a number of public service events and have been taking ICS
courses, hoping someday to achieve my AUXCOMM certification. I participated
in last year's ARRL Field Day and this year's Winter Field Day, and am
starting to get my feet wet with portable operating. I am also an active
member of two local ham radio clubs.
Michelle Roeten, KM2I, at Orange County (New York) Emergency Services ready
for a RACES exercise. [Photo courtesy of Michelle Roeten, KM2I]
For more about Michelle Roeten's, KM2I, NTS activities, read her article,
"My Journey in the National Traffic System," in the May/June 2026 issue of
On the Air. The digital edition of the issue goes live at arrl.org/ota on
May 6.
NTS Resources
The National Traffic System (NTS) is a network of amateur radio operators
who move information during disasters and other emergencies. General
messages offering well-wishes also move through the NTS to help test the
system and to help amateur radio operators build traffic handling skills.
While the NTS is primarily set up to serve the United States and Canada, it
is possible to move traffic internationally through the NTS via various
local, regional, area, and international network connections.
NTS 2.0
NTS Manual
NTS Methods and Practices Guidelines
Handling Instructions
Numbered Texts
Encoding Rules for Agency Forms
Virtual NTS Training Net
Sign Up to Receive The NTS Letter
The NTS Letter is published monthly and is free of charge to ARRL members.
Subscribe: www.arrl.org/opt-in-out
If anyone has not received copies of The NTS Letter by email, be sure to
check www.arrl.org/opt-in-out to confirm that you are opted in. If you don't
see The NTS Letter listed among the publications you are opted into, click
on "Edit," and you will have the opportunity to check the box to receive The
NTS Letter. If you have missed any issues, you can find them all at
www.nts2.arrl.org/nts-letter-issues as well as on the ARRL website.
Editor: Marcia Forde, KW1U, Section Traffic Manager -- Eastern
Massachusetts, Western Massachusetts, and Rhode Island
ARRL Emergency Communications and Field Services Director: Josh Johnston,
KE5MHV
Support NTS: Join ARRL
NTS is a program of ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio. No
other organization works harder than ARRL to promote and protect amateur
radio! ARRL members enjoy many benefits and services including digital
magazines, e-newsletters, online learning (learn.arrl.org), and technical
support. Membership also supports programs for radio clubs, on-air contests,
Logbook of The World, ARRL Field Day, and the all-volunteer ARRL Field
Organization.
Join ARRL or renew today! www.arrl.org/join
Find ARRL on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, X (@arrl and @arrl_ares), and
Threads
ARRL Store: www.arrl.org/shop
Support programs not funded by member dues at www.arrl.org/donate
Contact us to advertise in this newsletter (space subject to availability):
ads@xxxx.xxx
The NTS Letter is published every month (12 times each year). ARRL members
may subscribe at no cost or unsubscribe by editing their Member Data Page at
www.arrl.org/opt-in-out.
Copyright 2026 American Radio Relay League, Incorporated. Use and
distribution of this publication, or any portion thereof, is permitted for
non-commercial or educational purposes, with attribution. All other purposes
require written permission.
****************************************
* Distributed on the packet network by *
* CX2SA <> 1978-2026 <> Salto, Uruguay *
****************************************
Return To Bulletin List